Elderly and Their Dietary Supplement Intake

Contributed by: Raymond Purnomo, Pharm.D. Candidate

KU School of Pharmacy

Text Box: Older adults are the leading consumer of over-the-counter and prescription medications. As a result, the combination between dietary supplements and prescription medications may increase morbidity and potentiate drug interactions and adverse effects. A dietary supplement is defined as any product (excluding tobacco) that contains a vitamin, mineral, medicinal herb, amino acid, enzyme, or hormone intended to supplement the normal diet. Since FDA (Food and Drug Administration) does not closely regulate this category, it is very important for customers to recognize possible uses and interactions with other prescription medicines that they are taking. The following is the list of dietary supplements that are used frequently by patients with advanced age: Glucosamine: It is a component of cartilage made from crab shells synthetically or naturally, and it is used in arthritis patients. Glucosamine claims to relieve pain and increase range of motion. For diabetes patients, make sure to consult your physician before taking it since glucosamine may affect blood sugar.

Text Box: Chondroitin: It is made from shark or cow cartilage for use of relieving the pain from Osteoarthritis (OA) and is often combined with Glucosamine. Besides causing abdominal pain and diarrhea, it may also cause an allergic reaction and may interact with anticoagulants (e.g. warfarin) and antiplatelet agents. Ginkgo Biloba: This is derived from the leaves of the ginkgo tree. Ginkgo dilates blood vessels and prevent platelets from binding. It has been used for the treatment of dizziness, headaches, tinnitus, memory loss, concentration problems, and depression. It is sometimes also used to treat asthma and bronchitis since its active component may prevent airway constriction. In addition to causing GI disturbances and headaches, ginkgo may interact with anticoagulants, antiepileptic agents, and Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (antidepressant). Garlic: Allicin, garlic’s active ingredient, has been suggested to improve circulation and reduces the risk of stroke and heart attack. Furthermore, it has also been used as an antiseptic and antibacterial. Nausea and

Text Box: burning in the mouth may occur if garlic is consumed in large amounts. Garlic also may interact with anticoagulants, antiplatelets, and antihyperglycemics. The safe and effective use of dietary supplements and prescription medications is one of the biggest challenges for all people, especially elderly. They should be aware that indiscriminate use of dietary supplements in combination with prescription medicines can be problematic. Giving a comprehensive report of the dietary supplements you are taking to your pharmacist or physician is one of the safest ways to prevent unnecessary adverse effects. Dietary supplements and natural products are not regulated by the FDA. For additional information, talk with your physician or pharmacist or visit www.fda.gov.