Dehydration and Its Effects on the Kidneys
  Contributed by: Mahlet Brook, Pharm.D. Candidate
                        KU School of Pharmacy

As the weather gets warmer and warmer through the seasons, the human body also goes through some changes to maintain its normal body temperature. As the temperature of the environment goes up, the body normally tends to sweat more in an effort to cool off, therefore, causing it to be dehydrated. The human body is composed of 75 percent water and the rest 25 percent of solid matter and as a result, fluid loss or dehydration can highly offset normal bodily functions and cause damage.

One of the organs highly affected by dehydration are the kidneys, which rely on constant perfusion of fluid to clear the body of wastes and also, to maintain the right amount of fluid and salts in the body. Dehydration, which is the excess loss of fluid from the body, can cause the kidneys to retain salts and fluid and also, in the process, wastes like

blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine as well. As the flow of fluid to the kidneys progressively goes down, the kidneys begin to fail causing the making of smaller and much concentrated urine. This exposes the kidneys to the build up of stones or crystals in them causing congestion and other severe problems in the body due to the build up of toxins.

The best way to prevent or treat dehydration is to drink clear water without any additives in it. Beverages like soda, coffee, beer and others alike, dehydrate the body further more even if they contain water themselves. Caffeine containing beverages for example, act as diuretics causing the body to pass more urine. The sugar content in most other beverages causes the blood sugar level to go up causing cellular fluid loss. So the more we drink these beverages the more dehy

drated we get. Moreover, there are also some drugs that cause the body to lose more fluid and so require close monitoring while taking them. Some examples of  medications are, water pills, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and other blood pressure medications.

For more information contact your physician or pharmacist.

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